The Strategic Plan for Ninestiles School

Development planning is the mechanism for a school to specify its strategic and operational betterment activities. Strategy, as a long-run purpose, sets the way for school and the nucleus moral intent. However a good scheme is non sufficient by itself but requires a sound short-run operational program. Davies, B. J, & A ; Ellison, L. ( 2005 ) emphasise that the strategic â€Å" program provides a consistent manner of interpreting the nucleus moral intent of the school and its values into action, influenced by a hereafters position and vision. † With the coming of local direction of schools, parental pick, and the publication of school scrutiny conference tabular arraies, it is apparent that a school needs to advance and market itself to avoid a autumn in axial rotations. One of the challenges which the school sets itself, hence, is to develop a system which recognizes and wagess pupil accomplishment in order to better the school. This model scheme is produced for Ninestiles as a school betterment program. In this program I will roll up and analyze the information and information from Ofsted, public presentation tabular arraies, and the school web site and school profile to sketch the strategic program. In add-on, I will urge operational actions and planning procedures. More significantly, through doing the appropriate links between the literature reappraisal and the instance survey of school effectivity and betterment, I will bring forth an appropriate program to back up and advance whole-school and student success for farther instruction and life outside of school. Literature reappraisal Schools, as educational Centres, ne'er fail to pull attending from people, society and authoritiess since the eighteenth century. Consequently, every school has to alter to face challenges. However, school effectivity and school betterment have become the focal point of instruction systems in the modern universe. With development of economic system and society, schools can non shut their Gatess and leave the issues of outside universe in order to last and turn in turn toing the complicated alteration challenges in to the twenty-first century, which makes establishments more porous and permeable ( Elkind, 1993 ) . Schools hence need to do witting to face with alterations come from inside and outside of school. Fullan, Cuttress, and Kilcher ( 2005 ) outlined eight key alterations forces that all leaders would hold to understand, overcome and undertake in schools. They are: â€Å" ( 1 ) prosecuting peoples moral intents, ( 2 ) edifice capacity, ( 3 ) understanding the alteration procedure, ( 4 ) development civilizations for acquisition, ( 5 ) developing civilizations of rating, ( 6 ) concentrating on leading for alteration, ( 7 ) furthering coherency devising, and ( 8 ) cultivating tri-level development. † The eight alterations forces are non isolated and incorporate on an purpose of instruction in school. As an purpose of instruction, the moral intent is the greatest driver of alteration. â€Å" moral intent in educational alteration is an orientation of school ‘s spirit, that means to better society through to develop educational systems and so to raise quality of all citizen. Fullan ( 2005 ) stated that concentrating on leading is the most powerful lesson of alteration. It is non controversial, Collins ( 2001 ) and Mintzberg ( 2004 ) agreed with Fullan ( 2005 ) and pointed out that successful school need a effectual leading. â€Å" Secondary scheme for school betterment † ( The pilot school and pilot local governments, Defs and primary and secondary scheme, 2006 ) provides an overview of the indispensable elements of the secondary intensifying support programme, it as a counsel, makes sense for schools development. The cardinal subjects: Constructing leading capacity Bettering the conditions for larning Bettering the quality of instruction and acquisition Using informations intelligently Supplying an engaging and appropriate course of study Establishing a acquisition community ( The pilot school and pilot local governments, Defs and primary and secondary scheme, 2006, p? ) However, if Ninestiles School will turn to each of the subjects, the primary status is that there must be an equal leading and direction and acquisition conditions within the school. A good suggestion made by â€Å" Secondary scheme for school betterment 2006 † that is that a successful leaders should cognize as followed: how to get the better of opposition to anything new, grab chances and avoid jeopardy That large springs are associated with large wagess and that incrental chage will take them nowhere That the cardinal challenge is to alter people ‘s behaviors and that they can merely make that by act uponing their feeling every bit good as their thought How to take alteration every bit good as manage it Leadership in school should â€Å" turn to the position quo through set uping a sense of urgency, making a guiding group, developing a vision and scheme and pass oning both of them efficaciously † . In short, leading should be able to happen out new ways and attacks of working through warrant of short-run wins and consolidating advancement in order to ease more alteration. Rationale is that leading must guarantee that the nucleus activities of instruction and acquisition are cardinal to duty and answerability of the school ( The pilot school and pilot local governments, Defs and primary and secondary scheme, 2006 ) As a general driver, developing civilization of larning supply a set of schemes for people larning from each other. Change cognition requires furthering coherency devising in order to increase peoples corporate power to drive the system running frontward swimmingly. Dufour, Eaker, and Dufour ( 2005 ) stressed the necessity and power of professional acquisition communities while Fullan ( 2005 ) identified beyond one school and Pfeffer and Sutton ( 2000 ) commend that turning information in to actionable cognition is a societal procedure Black, Harrison, Lee, Marshall, and Wiliam 2003 and Fullam ( 2005 ) emphasised one of the highest-yield schemes for educational alteration late developed is assessment for larning. Fullan ( 2005 ) claim that schools need to alter persons, every bit good as demand to alter contexts, cultivating tri-level development provide more learning in context ( at school degree, territory degree and province level,2006 ) . Barber ( 2005 ) provinces same point of view that eight drivers are keys to make effectual and permanent alteration. These drivers are widely accepted and have become theoretic counsel for school ‘s scheme. The first serious treatments and analyses of School effectivity emerged in the 1960s out of concern for equality of educational chance. In the beginning, surveies stressed societal background and heredity as the strongest influences. However, Wrigley ( 2004 ) and MacGilchrist et Al ( 2005 ) have listed failings of the school effectiveness tradition: â€Å" ( 1 ) excessively narrow a position of accomplishment ; ( 2 ) over trust on quantifiable results ; ( 3 ) force per unit area of answerability through testing, conference tabular arraies and review and can falsify the course of study, instruction and acquisition ; ( 4 ) identified characteristics of effectual schools may non be easy movable. In fact, these issues are non particular phenomenon, how to avoid these disadvantages has become more and more educationalists ‘ consideration. In contrast to school effectivity, during the past 30 old ages at that place has been a parallel thrust for school betterment used to accomplish organizational alteration through ab initio unsystematic attempts. Hopkins and Reynolds ( 2001 ) suggested that three elements should be taken into history when sing the development of school betterment: a ‘bottom-up ‘ attack to self-evaluation and betterment planning with teacher ownership ; greater focal point on student results through links with school effectivity community and going progressively ‘top-down ‘ through strategic authorities intercession. In short, betterment demands change. Expediently, bottom-up self-evaluation is a fast and direct feedback for monitoring and following up betterment program, top-down authorities intercession is a drive force to oversee and press that schools must concentrate on instruction and acquisition. Hargreaves and Shirley ( 2009.p5 ) analysed that three ways of alteration have gone earlier as followed: First manner of province support and professional freedom, of invention but besides incompatibility. Second manner of market competition and educational standardization in which professional liberty is lost. Third manner that tries to voyage between and beyond the market and the province and balance professional liberty with answerability. Entering the fast, flexible and vulnerable new universe of the twenty-first century, we have to face dramatically new jobs and challenges. It is realized that the old three ways of educational alteration have non matched the new alterations and development, A â€Å" 4th manner † of educational alteration has been identified, based on the best of the old ways of the yesteryear without withdrawing to or reinventing the worst of them ( Hargreaves and Shirley,2009 ) . They asserted that â€Å" it is non a manner to retain bossy control over narrowly defined ends and marks. The 4th manner, instead, is a democratic and professional way to betterment that builds from the underside, tips from the top and provides support and force per unit area from the sides. † Sing context of Ninestiles School, the 4th manner provide some inspiration: Leadership is the cardinal function for development of a school Every instructor should set duty before answerability. Michael Fullan ( 2009 ) points out that school alteration depends on what instructors do and believe. As a moral intent, instructors should set duty before answerability – it is every bit simple and every bit complex as this. Parents should be more to the full engaged. Students as active spouses in their ain development are most of import. Back land Ninestiles school is a 6th foundation school and it is a larger than most secondary schools in Birmingham. It serves 1471 pupils ( 11-18 old ages old ) in the Acocks Green country of Birmingham but besides attracts pupils from other countries of the metropolis. Just over a half pupils are White British ; somewhat over 10 % are from Asiatic Pakistani backgrounds and similar proportions are of Asiatic Indian heritage. A particular unit attached to the school has 45 pupils with address and linguistic communication of community troubles. ( Ninestiles website 2011 ) Ninestiles has been a specialist school for engineering for 15 old ages and has had applied larning position since 2007. Ninelstiles school is committed to a course of study which aims to supply a acquisition environment in which all pupils irrespective of gender, ability, societal or cultural background, are encouraged to accomplish to their full potency, all the pupils have been exposed to a assortment if instruction and learning manners experience of cardinal accomplishments. School ‘s mission is to fix all-around citizens who are able to play a full portion in the life in the community. By prosecuting aims with vision, Ninestiles seeks to prosecute the head, elevate the spirit, and excite the best attempt of all who are associated with the school. What does Ofsted state? Ninestiles School was to the full praised by Ofsted in 2009 and was judged as outstanding overall. Inspectors reported that Ninestiles â€Å" has made many alterations in order to to the full run into the demands of all pupils and get the better of any barriers to larning † ( Ofsted 2009 p.4 ) . Outstanding facets of the school include: Students ‘ accomplishment, as the school is extremely effectual at actuating pupils who have made limited advancement in the yesteryear. It is barely surprising that the huge bulk of parents are satisfied to the school. Teaching and acquisition, because of consistent manner in which instructors plan lessons in the visible radiation of pupil ‘s mark. Leadership and direction, as the cardinal precedences are to the point and based on the sound rating and school has been originative in developing high quality leaders at all degrees in the school. Student ‘s personal development and wellbeing as they appreciate in mature manner about their school and class as brilliant function theoretical accounts for younger pupils. Other effectual facets of the school were noted by Ofsted as follows: The course of study is effectual in run intoing the demands of all pupils. The course of study is a major factor in guaranting first-class behavior and high degrees of motive amongst all groups of pupils. Work-based accomplishments, including teamwork and endeavor, work-related acquisition chances prepare pupils outstandingly good for employment or the following phase in the instruction. In add-on, pupils have chances to try a broad scope of classs. These classs is strong work-related dimension. Consequently, the Information and communicating engineering is used really good and extensively. The attention, support, aid and counsel are highly effectual to lend to the pupils ‘ outstanding personal development. Students are safe in the school and parents and pupils value a really good relationship with grownups. The rapid passage to an all-age tutorial system was handled really good. Governors are really effectual because they play a cardinal function in guaranting that many new developments are carefully considered prior to execution. Governors insist that best value rules are applied to all that the school does. Ninestiles in the Performance tabular arraies? Harmonizing the Ofsted study in the last four old ages, there has been a fluctuation in GCSE consequences. Fortunately, there was a important rise in 2010 from 51 % to 64 % 5+A*-C including English and Maths. However, the public presentation of pupils at GCSE needs to be kept stable and if possible farther improved. More significantly ; from the tabular array as follows, it can be seen that compared with national and metropolis figures its GCSE public presentation is now higher. Here we should pay attending to CVA, in 2009, CVA suggested advancement in line with outlook at 997.1, but in 2010, the CVA raised dramatically to 1031. This suggests that in 2010 students made advancement well beyond outlook. Comparison with national and metropolis figures Year school National criterion Birmingham norm Ninestiles school 2009 50 % GCSE 1000CVA 48 % GCSE 1000CVA 51 % GCSE 997.1CVA 2010 53 % GCSE 1000CVA 55 % GCSE 1000CVA 64 % GCSE 1031CVA Beginning informations: DfE School and college public presentation tabular arraies. Ninestiles ‘ ain position of its effectivity Ninestiles is efficaciously structured to react to the demands of twenty-first Century instruction. The school twenty-four hours has been carefully designed with modern larning demands in head. The wide and balanced course of study is antiphonal to single demands and the altering national context. All squads have a structured remit and an consciousness of the portion they play in making the vision. About Curriculum statement Ninestiles School is committed to supplying a learning environment in which all pupils are encouraged to accomplish to their full potency. Students are assessed on twenty-first century accomplishments like teamwork and communicating. The pupils, their parents and instructor are all involved to take the degree or class in which pupils would wish to take. Ninestiles takes great pride in supplying chances for their pupils either at the academic or vocational development as it is believed that doing the appropriate links to the existent universe will non merely enrich their apprehension of the curriculum country but will besides get down to fix them for farther instruction and life outside of school. The school twenty-four hours has been carefully designed with modern larning demands in head. Reality Baste Leaning ( RBL ) is mandatory for all pupils. This type of larning focal points on existent universe scenarios and pupils learn by replying jobs About work-related acquisition Ninestiles school has taking border position of work-related acquisition. It has been a specialist school for engineering for 13 old ages and has had applied larning position since 2007. Work-related acquisition is defined by school as any planned activity that uses work as a context for larning ( OFSTED 2009 ) . By supplying pupils with the chances and context in order to develop their work-related accomplishments, cognition and understanding. Such construct is based on logic of specialisation and it involves work-related acquisition within the classs for all students at cardinal phase 4. It occurs across the course of study when different topics and classs are offered to pupils. ninestile ‘s mission is to fix all-around citizens who are able to play a full portion in the life in the community. As a typical engineering school school ‘s schemes reflect our aspirations and we seek an appreciate the counsel and encouragement in transporting out these aspirations aims. Every pupil in the school has been exposed to a assortment of learning and larning manners, experience and work out existent universe jobs and leaves school with extended experience of cardinal accomplishments. Our aspirations are targeted non towards rankings but instead towards accomplishing a topographic point where take great pride in supplying chances for their pupils either at the academic or vocational development as it is believed that doing the appropriate links to the existent universe will non merely enrich their apprehension of the curriculum country but will besides get down to fix them for farther instruction and life outside of school. Key precedences for betterment Fortunately, Ninestiles School has made many alterations positively, but we can non shy away from confronting its failings. Harmonizing to the review judgement reported by Ofsted in 2009, there are six facets that should be improved and strengthened: For the group ( 16-19 ) whose public presentation reached comparatively lower class than others group, most facets review concerned with were at grade 2 or 3. The in-between director working in ( 16-19 ) group should be adjusted and consolidated to to better tutoring and mentoring systems and heighten top-down bureaucratism, prescription and counsel. Finical support. Headteacher, with regulating organic structure and all staffs, analyses budget to guarantee school development program precedences with appropriate budget allotment. The school budget needs to be flexibly used to back up a push for betterment. ( Fullan, M. , Barber, ( 2009 ) Use the award system. The award strategy provide encouragement and acknowledgment for attempt and accomplishment. A survey conducted by Harris.L ( 1996 ) showed that the better the kids performed in all these old countries ( classwork, prep, attending, promptness, behaviour ) the more successful would both learning and larning become. Another must be emphasized is in footings of personal development and wellbeing for school overall, pupils had truly bad attending ( at class 3 ) and healthy life style ( at class 2 ) . Comparison with other similar school ( table 2 ) School Attendance Ninestiles In 2009 Ninestiles In 2010 Birmingham In 2010 England In 2010 % of half yearss missed 8.2 % 8.5 % 6.8 % 6.9 % Unauthorised absence 2.3 % 1.6 % 1.4 % Persistent absence 9.1 % 8.5 % 4.4 % 4.6 % Figure from OFSTED From table 2, it can be shown that pressing job of Ninestiles school is hapless attending, there are two steps that should be suggested, one is parent meeting and calling.The 4th manner recommend parents should be more to the full engaged. The school should present first twenty-four hours of absence naming place for all absentees and consult students and parents over wagess and countenance. Parents meetings should be held with all parents monthly and there should be hebdomadal updates by phone. In this instance, each pupils received monthly advancement cheque. Others is to set up award system. The 4th manner stressed the pupil as active spouse in their ain development is of all time the most of import. Award system efficaciously build pupils assurance for their farther survey. It is traditional and really effectual for pupil public presentation including category work, prep, attending, promptness, behavior and public presentation at GCSE. The 3rd facet should be highlighted is for leading, review pointed the school ‘s self-evaluation and community coherence did non exercise every bit good as outlook â€Å" leading should acquire the vision right to increase urgency and construct the guiding squad. The schools white paper ( 2010 ) emphasized school should better top-down bureaucratism and â€Å" bottom-up † support. It is good circle for self-evaluation † . The policy has non been to the full updated to run into all current demands. The school policy and patterns should be shared and public in the school web site. There is a statement in the school prospectus which linked to development program marks. Policy and pattern are reviewed and updated every term in visible radiation of altering profile. This is besides a good manner for all ( pupils, instructors, parents and society ) to measure our school. The monitoring and rating of instruction and acquisition has non ever identified rapidly enough the advancement made by different groups of pupils All the grounds from different instruction system around the universe shows that the most of import factor in finding how good kids do is the quality of instructor and instruction. High quality instructor is cardinal fact of successful school. The school alteration depends on what instructors do and believe ( Fullan ( 2000 ) . As a moral intent, instructors should set the duty before answerability. Raising entry demands and more preparation in or out-school is suggested by white paper. The school should guarantee all staffs must be in topographic point in order to better pupils ‘ public presentation. Specifically, the school needs to set up a particular group for the monitoring and rating of instruction and acquisition in order to react quickly to any fluctuations in advancement and proctor more efficaciously the advancement that different groups of pupils make in lessons. This group is to supervise more efficaciously the advancement that different groups of pupils make in lessons, peculiarly in Years 7 and 8 ( Ofsted 2009 ) . pupils public presentation at GCSE need to maintain stable and promote and school ‘s CVA should be Consolidated. Teachers are clear about their instruction ends that attempt on the school ‘s highest-priority ends in ways most likely to better pupils ‘ public presentation of academic. In the instance, instructors create a strategic program for bettering the quality of instruction and do adept usage of bing learning stuffs in order to give more clip to patterns that enrich and clear up the content. To develop instructors harmonizing to program and do certain their cognition and learning stills maintaining updated to fit the demands of societal and single ‘s development. Precisely, School betterment group need run intoing with instructors to place and research the issue that are involved in placing students in old ages 9 and 10. this conference should be based on informations gathered earlier in the school from logbooks and treatment with pupil deputies. Furthermore, there should be voluntary after-school or lunchtime lesson provided by staff and an excess session, affecting strong links with external bureaus is based on test techniques, is organized What issues/weaknesses have been identified? Precedences for Improvement Proposed Actions Success Criteria For the age group ( 16-19 ) whose public presentation reached comparatively lower Ofsted class than other groups in this school. For this group, most appraisals reached merely grades 2 or 3 Improve quality of instruction and acquisition Adjust in-between leading working in this group. Raise pupil aspirations through links with concern and higher instruction For this group, mark of most appraisals should make above classs 2 Students had truly hapless attending ( at class 3 with 8.5 % absence ) , Improve attainment Work with parents to advance good attending, recognizing links to attainment the attending to make 95 % relentless absence to be reduced to 5 % at grade 2. The school ‘s self-evaluation and community coherence were non effectual every bit good as outlook. the policy has non been to the full updated to run into all current demands. Monitoring and rating of instruction and larning have non been ever identified rapidly plenty Strengthen leading Build betterment group Monitor and track advancement more strictly school betterment groups become progressively influential in driving up criterion Student ‘s public presentation at GCSE needs to be kept stable and promoted. Provide encouragement and acknowledgment for attempt and accomplishment. Establish â€Å" good acquisition â€Å" civilization in school. It will be anticipate to 70 % 5+A*- including English and Mathematicss by 2012DecisionIn recent old ages criterions have risen steadily in our school, the most of import thing is that a school is able to prolong this advancement or non when it confront with disputing circumstance sometime. It is shown above that Ninestiles School has won a well-deserved repute for its current effectivity and betterment from society and Ofsted while Ninestiles school has taking border position of work-related acquisition. the school assets, direction and societal supports all have been ready for Ninestiles to take obstructions for acquisition and made many alterations In order to run into all pupils ‘ demands. However, there are still many challenges that school has to face with. Ninestiles school can provides thoughtful and far-sighted strategic leading that create the environments that makes good learning pay off and larning efficaciously to back up and track our all aim. There has been an highly clear vision that reaches into every corner of this school. However, the most common position of scheme is to put the way of school ( Davies, B. Davies, J. & A ; Ellison, L. 2005 ) . It consists of some short-time purpose, that is: First, school should beef up leading that should acquire the vision right to increase urgency and construct the guiding squad. Second, The school should set up evidence-based attack to bettering instruction and acquisition and better consistence in feedback and marker. Third, school should set in topographic point enhanced tutoring and mentoring systems to guarantee that all pupils are supported harmonizing to their demands. Finally, the school demands to put our appraisal system to guarantee that our enterprise on path and supervise our school as a whole is accomplishing the short term ends and long term aspirations. Pursuit of excellence, as counsel, sets an ambitious docket of aspirations by specific schemes and programs, which call for us to settle down to work in much land for one ‘s ain responsibility and concentrate on coordination, steadiness, clearcutness, pertinence and existent consequence. Our school needs to guarantee that all pupils and instructors can be to the full equipped to do a difference in the planning period. In another words, the school should be already to be after the following stage of its development because of â€Å" no best, but better â€Å"

Chief Sitting Bull

Loughmiller 1 Austin Loughmiller Davis Research Paper 15 April 2011 Chief Sitting Bull Strong Hearted and Brave â€Å"I wish it to be remembered that I was the last man of my tribe to surrender my rifle. † Chief Sitting Bull is one of the most well known Native Americans to this day. He was known for fighting bravely for his people. He died while fighting off white soldiers that were forcing Chief Sitting Bull and his tribe of their own land. Chief Sitting Bull had a life that many people today would try to run from. Although the exact date of his birthday is not known, many speculate that it was from the years 1831 to 1837 (Notable Native Americans). Chief Sitting Bull first distinguished himself as a warrior at fourteen years old (Notable Native Americans). Now fourteen year olds are not allowed to fight in the armed forces but it was encouraged for a teenager to become a warrior for their tribe back then. Sitting Bull fought during the conflicts of the late nineteenth century when the Sioux were constantly resisting white soldiers (Notable Native Americans). Sitting Bull was constantly fighting to protect the land that he and his tribe lived on. Sitting Bull died while fighting for his tribe on December 15, 1890. Sitting Bull is arguably the best-known Indian in American History (Notable Native Americans). Chief Sitting Bull’s whole life was dedicated to being a warrior and as a result he was involved in more wars than the average person today. By 1856, Sitting Bull was on of the sash wearers of the Hunkpapa’s Strong Heart warrior society (Notable Native Loughmiller 2 Americans). When Sitting Bull became the chief of his tribe he was constantly leading his warriors into battles against white soldiers. Sitting Bull’s first altercation with white soldiers occurred in June 1863 (â€Å"Sitting Bull†). Sitting Bull was aiding the Santee Sioux against the white soldiers’ retaliation after the â€Å"Minnesota Massacre. † After aiding the Santee Sioux Sitting Bull was named leader of the Strong Hearts and he became the cofounder of the elite Midnight Strong Hearts (Notable Native Americans). He became the leader of the Strong Hearts after receiving a bullet wound which left him with a permanent limp. Although Sitting Bull was a brave soldier what he did on the battlefield is not the only reason he is remembered. Chief Sitting Bull is widely known today for his resistance against white soldiers. His perhaps mostly remembered for his leadership during the Battle of Little Big Horn (Notable Native Americans). Sitting Bull led warriors to fight off General George Custer when he unsuccessfully attacked a large group of Native Americans gathered to resist white domination. Sitting Bull was known by the public through his appearances on Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show and for his refusal to sign treaties (Notable Native Americans). Sitting Bull never signed a treaty that the American Government offered him. Sitting Bull was killed during his arrest by government officials for supporting the Ghost Dance Movement. They began thinking the Ghost Dance was harmful to themselves and shot Sitting Bull for not stopping it. The death of Sitting Bull led to the Wounded Knee Massacre which killed 153 Lakota Sioux. Sitting Bull was just trying to protect his own people by refusing to sign the treaties that the white soldiers offered him.

A Case Study on the Mental Health Problems of Ora and Will

A Case Study on the Mental Health Problems of Ora and Will When it comes to the amount of energy invested referring to Ora a lot of her energy is probably drained through her health problems and her family relationships when it comes to her husband. She has been diagnosed as overweight, having anxiety and depression, she has an eye condition she doesn’t know if there is a cure, and she has colitis. All those things can really put stress on you, it can’t be healthy to deal with so much especially when it seems like there is no real way to fix it. It also mentioned the resentment she is feeling towards her husband who always criticizes her calling her lazy and complaining about her housekeeping. When dealing with so many conditions it would be very helpful to have some type of support and she isn’t getting that from her husband. Now the little bit of energy that is being returned is the fact that she has food stamps and Medicaid to help when it comes to your basic needs and although it is probably not a lot it is still som ething. When it comes to the amount of energy invested referring to Will his health is probably the most draining. He is labeled â€Å"borderline retarded† and â€Å"borderline schizophrenic†. When it comes to having a learning disability, it can’t be easy because you are constantly judged and treated differently. You are often disrespected and not taken seriously because of it so that would be very stressful for anyone. Also, to have a mental disorder like schizophrenia makes things worse because people see you as a monster and want nothing to do with you or they pity you and treat you as if you are incapable of doing anything for yourself which I bet is annoying. Now the bit of energy that is returned is probably from his job. He’s a night watchman and before that he had other jobs, all paying about minimum wage but it is a steady income and that must be a little bit of relief to at least get the house food. As well as he’s good at cleaning and fixing thi ng so he will have the car fixed soon and that will make it easier to get to work. I feel this can be used as a tool to help first get everyone in the family proper tests and exams to see if they have these mental issues or if it honestly was discrimination. If so then the proper resources could be provided to help the children when it comes to school and the adults can go through programs that help you adjust to every day life. I think counseling should be an option just for them to voice out all their stress and have a sense of relief even if only temporary. Another thing to consider is if there are any resources that can be used to fix their utilities, cooking on a couple of hot plates can’t be healthy or that sanitary. If they could cook food properly I feel that would make a big difference, it wouldn’t fix anything but it would be a start.

Migrat workers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Migrat workers - Research Paper Example Such a person also qualifies to be a migrant worker. Nonetheless, migrant workers have been synonymous with the UN’s definition criterion, which is going to form the definitional basis for this expose. In effect, the expose elucidates about this indispensable issue of migrant workers while focusing on the UN’s definitional criteria. It is important to point out that the issue of migrant workers has been controversial in the contemporary society, which effectively ensured the UN’s intervention on the issue. In line with this, debate surrounding this controversial issue usually takes a sensitive perspective while unreliable and flawed statistics inform decisions and opinion in this issue, which creates a misconception. Unfortunately, it is evident that these misconceptions create strains in some areas where the issue of migrant workers is present. Hence, it has become a common occurrence to hear of natives accuse migrant workers of various issues with the main issu e being that migrant workers benefitted from services that were an entitlement of the locals. However, it is evident that weaknesses in the public administration system are to blame due to the failure to provide factual statistics and provide social amenities to the public in a reasonable manner (Legrain 2). The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association noted that industrialized nations faced a challenge regarding the approach to use while addressing the migrant workers issue. In line with this, the association cited numerous problems associated with these migrating groups and noted that the problems were political and social in nature. Importantly, the association identified the most common group of migrant workers as farm workers and noted that this group underwent a number of challenges while working in America. In this regard, The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association noted the group was lowly paid, uninsured and living under extremely dangerous conditions despite prov iding the country with an essential service. In 2008, the United States estimates of residents were approximately 293 million with 36 million people born from foreign countries out of which 10 million of them were unauthorized residents of the country (Census). On the other hand, Holmes noted the average age of migrant workers who worked in the agriculture sectors as below the age of 29 years. In addition, Holmes noted that only a few migrant workers who were more than 60 years worked in the agricultural sector of the country (448). On the other hand, the National Center for Farmworker Health estimates put 80 percent of women who worked in these farms as more likely to have been born in the U.S. with 34 percent of women having born in the country while their male counterparts working in these farms constituting of only 17 percent. In effect, this is proof that migrant workers played a significant role in the economy of the United States. Migrant workers play a prominent role in supp orting the economy of the United States. The National Academy of Sciences and National Research Council observed that, the U.S. government reaped more than $50 billion as taxes than the migrant workers in all levels of government in the U.S. (qtd. in National Immigration Law Center 2). In line with this, it is evident that the government would not have raised this amount if

My Own Professional and Personal Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Own Professional and Personal Success - Essay Example My work as an accountant offers a lot of opportunities and brings a lot of challenges as well. I believe that success is invisible, it does not necessarily show but it is a feeling by the person involved. One may not be successful for the eyes of others but may feel that way personally.   Professionally, my job requires extensive effort to fight my way through better opportunities and more challenges. I consider meeting success beginning from the time I was able to accomplish my course at a satisfactory level and achieve my certificate for Certified Investments & Derivatives Auditor. My profession demands high-level capacity for different functions and requires superb output as well. It is already a feeling for me that I am on the right track in the road of success. The skills and knowledge that I gained from my past to present work experiences, aid in improving my full potential and journey towards continual improvement. Personally, my profession shaped me to become a person of integrity. Performing my duties with the utmost class and without any adversative effect on my job interest and to the company is already one big success for me. I believe that pursuit for success should not stop and the drive to achieve it continually should remain.

Evaluate the role of the line manager in managing under-performance Essay

Evaluate the role of the line manager in managing under-performance - Essay Example bination of interpersonal and technical skills while for medical doctors the term ‘performance’ is depended rather on specific financial and administration skills’ (Nelson and Quick 2010, p.196). It is assumed that under performance reflects the lack of the skills that are necessary for responding to the needs of a particular role. Dowling, Festing and Engle (2008) tried to identify the key elements of under performance in regard to expatriates. They came to the conclusion that for expatriates, failure, which incorporates under performance, means ‘the premature return of an expatriate’ (Dowling, Festing and Engle 2008, p.112). In accordance with this view, under performance can be used for highlighting the failure of an employee to complete successfully the tasks assigned to him. A similar definition of the term ‘under performance’ is included in the study of Scullion (2006). In accordance with the above researcher, the term ‘under performance’ should be defined as ‘assignment failure’ (Scullion 2006, p.60). This explanation of under performance may be inaccurate, i.e. it may not reflect the actual status of employee performance. Such risk exists in case that an employee failed to complete the tasks assigned to him but not because of his fault but due to facts or conditions that they could not prevented, like, for example, a strike. From a similar point of view, Werner and DeSimone (2008) noted that the term ‘under performance’, or else ‘poor performance’, is difficult to be clearly defined since it is likely to be related to different criteria. For example, the level of performance of an employee may be characterized as high in regarding to a specific position and as low regarding to another position. For this reason, it is suggested that... It is evident from the study that the development of the phenomenon of employee under performance in modern organizations has been related to many factors. In accordance with Hadikin and O’Driscoll employees are likely to under perform when the conditions in the workplace are hostile for them. Reference is made especially to bullying, as a problem expanded in most organizations worldwide. It is noted though that the response of employees to bullying is not standardized. Under certain conditions, bullying may not lead to employee under performance, if for example the employee involved decides to report the problem to the firm’s HR manager. From another point of view, Berman considers that employee under performance is not related to the conditions in the organizational environment but rather to the personal attitudes of employees. It is explained that employees who are likely to avoid taking initiatives in regard to critical organizational issues tend to under perform wh en having to face such conditions. Moreover, employees that believe in their capabilities and their potentials to respond effectively to the needs of all tasks assigned to them are not expected to under perform, in opposition with employees who believe that their performance can ‘be affected by factors outside their control’. On the other hand, Shields explained that when having to identify the causes of employees’ under performance managers should search both for personal reasons, such as the attitudes or the background of employees, and for external reasons, meaning the conditions of the organizational environment.

Potential output of Georgia(country) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Potential output of Georgia(country) - Essay Example Georgia are agriculture (12.5%), industry (27.9%) and services (59.6%).3 According to Georgia Economic Review (2009) the nominal Gross Domestic Product of Georgia has increased from 8,564 in 2003 to 19,070 in 2008. It means that in the last five years, the total increase in nominal GDP of the country is about 123%. The real GDP growth rate 2008 of Georgia is 2.1% which means that the output level of the country has increased. The global financial crisis 2007-2009 has lowered the GDP of many countries while the output of Georgia even during the crisis has remained positive. The value of nominal GDP shows that major increase in nominal GDP is brought by inflationary pressures and increase in the worth of goods and services; however, real GDP explicitly shows that a small increase in output of the country has been also seen. Georgia is considered as a country rich in energy resources. However, in 2007, the total oil extraction was 55-60 thousand tons which was very low as compared to the annual demand of 750 thousand tons.4 On the other hand in the same year, the annual consumption of electricity in the country was about 8.5 billion kWh while the country production was higher than consumption, thereby making Georgia a net electricity exporter.5 â€Å"It is the only country in the region (which doesn’t have its own gas resource) that was not affected by gas crises in January 2009 (Georgia Economic Overview).† Georgia has huge opportunities in hydro energy because of the construction of 500 kv power transmission line to Turkey, 78 MV Paravani HPP and 38 MW Mtkwari HPP. Surprisingly, although its hydro energy output is so huge however, only 18% of hydro potential has been used. The overall industrial production growth rate of Georgia in 2008 is -1%. The potential output of agriculture sector of the country has started to cover the wreckage caused by civil unrest. In the Georgian agriculture, winemaking is the major area however, since Russia was the major importer of

Philosophy of Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Philosophy of Education - Assignment Example Personally, I consider teaching as a platform where the pupil’s future will be greatly shaped by the kind of teachings they receive from me. Concerning the teachings offered at kindergarten, the approach is rather different in comparison to other levels. Normally, it does not just entail a curriculum that is easy to understand. Rather, the first days are usually vital for every kindergarten student because it is here that a relationship between the teacher and the pupils need to be established. That means the teacher has to understand the personalities and backgrounds of the pupils. Once this is done, the children need to be made lively always, if possible, in order to make the learning atmosphere easier. Upon exciting the learners, the education for pupils at this level starts with making them understand the alphabets. That is to say, training them how to pronounce correctly as well pointing out the ones that have a variance in terms of sound. Unlike in other teaching levels, this one has to be with minimal strictness, and is brief. My beliefs concerning teaching have to do with using this career to impart children with the right kind of teachings. In short, teaching is not a career as such, but rather a calling-like pursuit meant to bring a positive change. Because of strongly believing in this way, I often find myself going beyond the expectations. Besides teaching what is only listed, encouraging discipline, socialization among the children and thinking critically is often done in the class. Due to this approach, I normally set a goal for myself as well as that of pupils where I help students to achieve it even as I commit myself to doing so. Earlier, it was stated that a teacher is more than an employee; a role model is what every teacher is. Therefore, the goals I set are not just for the students but mine as well. Concerning the

Creating Your Dream Job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Creating Your Dream Job - Essay Example It involves a comprehensive evaluation of an investor’s current and future financial condition by using the current variables to predict future cash flows, value of assets and withdrawal plan. In formulating a business plan, the proprietor must hire the services of tax and financial professionals who enables him to estimate with greater degree of accuracy the financial requirements (Abrams, 2005, p. 248). Financial plan objectively requires before executing a Bookstore small business. This is because a lump sum of capital must be invested to facilitate the establishment and operational needs of finance. It requires a huge amount of capital simply because there are many competing needs such as purchasing of storehouse, the furnishing of stall and stocks required. In addition to this, more finance is required to establish a modern Bookstore that will remain competitive in the Bookstore market. General financial planning The business operates using a store within the town. All le gal formalities of purchasing storehouse will be initiated. The store is worth $ 50,000 which will be finances using two available sources of finance, business mortgage and personal savings. The firm will aim at minimizing the overall debt of finance by taking different loan portfolios and diversified financial investments. The loan will be acquired from local bank based on the interest charged and most preferably, the bank shall offer loan at relatively lower price. In addition to this, measures have to be taken to provide financing for any emergency financial needs of the firm. To this end, regular saving will be made on the firm’s saving account. The main goal of this strategy is to ensure continuity in business operations even under unfavorable market conditions. Special circumstances Prior establishment of the business, considerations have to be made on special circumstances that may occur in day-to-day operation of business. Such circumstances include legal conflict, pr obability of loss due to uncertain events, tax noncompliance dispute and so on (Abrams, 2005, p. 250). To this end, the firm intent to establish various departments under administration to cater for this unforeseen circumstance and financial allocation

The Cure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

The Cure - Essay Example The two parents, Aileen, and John requested for an appointment with a doctor to examine the state of their two affected children. The diagnosis given to the children included Pompe for Megan while Patrick’s diagnosis was to come later in a few months. Pompe is a disease that is genetic in nature. It is due to unbroken glycogen that results from a deficiency in enzymes that breaks glycogen down. Sugar in the body builds up and is stored as glycogen. Glycogen is then deposited in the muscles of the body. The resultant effect is cells lacking energy and other necessities for them to function optimally. Consequently, the muscles will go through a lot of malnourishment. The effects of Pompe will cover the respiratory system and the muscles. A common phenomenon is children dying from a failure in the respiratory. The latter is also called cardiac arrest and occurs as the heart enlarges slowly. The lifespan of children diagnosed with Pompe is significantly reduced and only have a few years. The cause of Pompe is the mutations that the GAA gene undergoes. The task of GAA is the production of alpha Maltese. Alpha Maltese is an enzyme that handles the breakdown of glycogen into glucose that is usable by the body. The enzyme’s production will fail if GAA undergoes mutation. Glycogen, as a result, is not decomposed to form pure sugar. However, the cells in the body make use of glucose and cannot do so with glycogen. Too much glycogen in the cells will become toxic to the body. The more the build of glycogen, the weaker the muscles get and the levels of damage get worse. Pompe is fair when traced in an adult as compared to a child. Although it is rare, it is considerably fatal in children. There are three varied types of Pompe disease that doctors and scientist have established. Their differences come how severe they are and age of appearance. They include non-classic

Irans Nuclear Ambitions Essay Example for Free

Irans Nuclear Ambitions Essay Behind the Irans Nuclear ambitions lay the fundamental issue: Do third world countries have the permission and the right to develop and enrich all nuclear technology including enrichment of nuclear material? Iranians Iranians claimed that they have the right to develop and enriching the nuclear material as authorized, and they would not tolerate the prospects of abdicating their right of enriching uranium which is abundant in Iran as allowed in the Non Proliferation Treatys article 4. Iran has repeatedly claim that their purpose of enriching nuclear material is always for the nuclear reactors which will provide much needed power, as Iran is already spending billions of dollars on gasoline imports. Iran also say that it has abide by all the regulations of NPT, and in 2004 it signed Paris Agreement with France, England and Germany the European Union Troika (EU-3) and as a result of which it has temporarily suspended its uranium enrichment as agreed during that Paris Agreement. Iranians also argue that under the regime of Shah which is the ally of US at that time, Washington firmly supported plans of Iran to build up to 23 atomic reactors by 1994. United States The United States asserted that Iranians are not trustworthy and their enrichments clearly intends to the development of Nuclear weapons. US often says that Iran is also the number 2 producer of oil in OPEC and also sits on the second biggest natural reserves, which is enough to make desires for enriching nuclear material suspicious. United States also points out that one set of risk is that it will set off a falling domino sequence of proliferation in the region, and Egypt, Turkey and Saudi Arabia as those countries that might feel that they should pursue their own nuclear program in response, which will start a nuclear race in the region. Americans also believe that a militant, oil rich Muslim theocracy of around 70 million people, with a Holocaust denying president who yearns for Israels disappearance and calls America and Britain the greater and lesser Satans, poses a great sort of problem. Another problem is the bold Iranian problem which will bring the world into danger by Iran arming terrorists with nuclear weapons that will bring the whole world into danger especially American and Israelis. Russians and Chinese Moscow says that Irans plans to develop a full atomic fuel cycle and to enrich uranium for its nuclear reactors are not economically viable. The head of Russias Atomic Energy Agency said that he has a technically proven data that tells that Iran plans to build 10 reactors worth 1,000 megawatts each is not the most feasible option but is rather ruinous. But Russians and Chinese have always not backed any movement by the US that undermine Irans capabilities to develop Nuclear Fuel but also Russia and China along with other countries that have economic interests in Iran such as Britain, France and Germany have stepped back from any direct confrontation with the US. All of these powers have voted for the IAEA resolution in February to refer Iran to the UN and then in March for a non-binding presidential statement in the UN Security Council setting a 30-day deadline for Iran to cease uranium enrichment. In all likelihood, Moscow and Beijing will again seek to mollify Washington in forthcoming meetings on Iran and try to limit the scope of any UN actions on Iran.

Lost in Translation Essay Example for Free

Lost in Translation Essay Eva Hoffman tells an outstanding story of her familys move from Poland to America in the late 1950s when Eva was a young 13 years old. Lost in Translation portrays Evas maturity through the growing pains of identity through her immigration experience. Language, culture, and perception are considered in Evas memoir of the immigrant experience. These are issues that most interpreters have encountered. When learning a new language we experienced a degree of the dislocation so eloquently described. Many aspects of Evas life change when she moves to Canada. Evas first day of school in Canada immedately protrays the new lifestyle in which she encounters. The teacher is unable to properly pronounce her name, Ewa, and is quick to Americanize the name to Eva. Many immigrants, presumably, go through the same occurance. Words do not sound the same or are not easily pronounced in a different language so they are changed to something easier in the language. Not only is Evas language lost, at this point her entire identity is stripped from her. Passion for the piano soon is lost with Evas new life in America. Culturally, the piano is not as prestigious of an occupation in Canada as it was in Poland. Writing becomes Evas new passion. Being able to completely grasp, understand, and articulate herself is what Eva wanted to express in life. Instead of expressing herself through music as she once had, she expressed herself through words. Each section can be seen as a period of growth. Paradise is fantacy, childish, and naà ¯ve. Exile describes adolescences, where finding oneself and an understanding of the world is through growth. And finally, the New World portrays Evas maturity of life experiences. She is finally able to truly comprehend her past and present world. Concluding the story Eva says, The way to jump over my Great Divide is to crawl back over it in English. Its only when I retell my whole story, back to the beginning, and from the beginning onward, in one language, that I can reconcile the voices within me with each other. Lost in Translation gives an analogy of Eva being lost, referring to life  as she immigrates into America. Eva also struggles with losing herself in the process of translation from Polish to English. As Eva matures and gains an understanding of the English language, culture, and life as a whole, she is able to go back in time to analyze and connect what really occurred throughout her life. Translation may be just as problematic as it pertains to the self introduced into a new language and culture as to linguistically understanding the language itself.

The success of the novotel hotel chain

The success of the novotel hotel chain Novotel is one of the worlds major hotel chains, occupying a leading place in Europe and with locations globally. Started in 1967 by Paul Dubrule and Gerard Pelisson, they expanded their empire by building new hotels and buying other hotel chains. Novotel merger with Jacques Borel hotel and its restaurant groups in 1983 saw the group renamed Accor. Currently, Accor employs over 145,000 people and operates in 132 countries. Within hospitality industry Accor operates more than 2100 hotels with over 2 million rooms and more than 53,000 employees in this sector (Novotel: p3) This report analyses Novotels change management programme in the early 1990s which was outlined in three major parts:- Firstly, case study has the summary of the actions that managers took in terms of strategy and organisation. Secondly, the consideration of the sequence and timing of events, and how this resulted in rapid transformation in an organisation employing more than 30,000 people. Third, the emphasize in dialogue nature of the change processes, giving an inside stories from those who have taken part in the process. This gives a nice picture of what went right and what went wrong and the action to manage implementation of change. I have outlined the analysis in the following parts, ciritical evaluation of models of innovation and change management, the evaluations of key triggers of change and the likely sources of resistance to change, and then I have outlined a challenges which managers face during change management, and lastly, I have developed conclusions and recommendations to move Novotel forward, these recommendations based on my analysis. 2 Innovation and Change (Hotel business): _ [ evaluation of alterative models of innovation and change management ] Although much has been written about managing change in large private and public companies, very little has been written about managing change in an ever-changing hospitality and hotel industry in particular. The ability to effectively manage and embrace change is so of great benefit to todays hotelier. And, to successfully intact and overcome change, Hotels need to have specific attitudes and set of skills to go about change and planning for that inevitable change. In the case study, Novotel has adopted a competitive strategy that includes reducing costs of operations (Novotel: p.25). That is to say, their business strategy is cost leadership and persuading this business strategy requires being open to ideas and that it responds quickly and flexibly to the ideas that re-present opportunities for potential revenue growth (Blumentritt, 2004). Firms can compete on price or differentiation (Porter, 1980; 1985), Novotel can be non-price attributes include its brand, reputation and service. On the other hand, there are different types of innovations, the first type is Incremental innovation, this modestly improves a firms processes or services or it can be used in fine-tuning its business model, i.e. the way it creates value for its customers. Radical innovation significantly improves existing products and services or completely replaces them with new ones. Radical innovation occurs less frequently than incremental innovation partly because most organisations do not have the technical and human resources required for radical innovation, and because radical innovation happens so quickly organisations are not prepared for the risks and uncertainty which comes with this type of innovation. It should be noted that, Innovation is not a competitive strategy in itself, but it is used to enhance any competitive strategy once the strategy has been designed. If the strategy involves increasing the rate at which new products or services are introduced, then innovation can impact the firm in more than one or different ways. 2.1. The change process and methodologies Over the last 20 years the speed and scale of organisational change have accelerated and there has been a significant increase in the number of approached to change management. There are several forms of change in an organisation, some forces and others deliberate. The Strategic Change Initiative (organisational change process) Fig. 1 A Model of the change process, Boddy 2005 The first type if change is, systematic change is slower, less ruthless, more focused and more carefully constructed and timed. There are different approaches to systematic change such as: quality improvement, work reprogramming, benchmarking, and strategic planning. The nature of these approaches can be overly formalised and so stifle initiative in the organisation (Huy,Q. and Mintzberg, H.2003). Another type is, Organic change, this type of change is done internally in the organisation or other words it seems to ascend from the ranks without being formally managed. The problem with the organic approach is groups within organisation may begin to work at cross-purposes and this will result in scramble over resources, yet its outcome can be dramatic. Planned change is an iterative, recurring, process which involves analysis, action and evaluation, and further action and evaluation. It is an approach which maintains that once change has taken place, it must be self-sustaining to maint ain the momentum. This means that, all change agents or stakeholder i.e organisation, managers and recipients jointly diagnose the organisations problem and jointly plan and design the specific changes (Burnes, B. 2003). Another type is emergent change which is a continuous process of experiment and adaptation aimed at matching organisations capabilities to the needs and dictates of an energetic and uncertain environment. This type of change is achieved through a number of small to medium scale incremental changes. Another type is, dramatic change is frequently initiated in times of crisis or of great opportunity when power is concentrated and there is great stakes to be controlled. Mintzberg (2003) argues that unlike the phoenix of mythology, which could rise from its own ashes but once every 500 years, companies cannot continue to rely solely upon the mythical promise of dramatic re-emergence. 3. NOVOTEL: Change Management Programme From Kurt Lewins work (appendix 1) in the 1940s to the present day, organisational change, as a systematic process, has become the core and part of organisational life. Change in organisations does not have to be dramatic or far reaching, Stickland (1998) notes, sometimes change is incremental and hardly noticed: a new piece of equipment or software is introduced or a person leaves and somebody new joins the organisation. Sometimes change is large and dramatic: a complete re-organisation, a merger or a take-over, and no one and nothing in the organisation is unaffected (Stickland 1998:298). The recent economic crisis has provided a sense of urgency that helped organizations everywhere to successfully implement changes that would have been difficult if otherwise. Various cultural and structural factors have a direct effect on the very success of the organisation. These are highlighted when an organisation attempts to redefine itself, to change their image in an attempt to maintain or enhance their capabilities (Gratton, 1999). In Novotels case, they were forced because of plummeting annual profits and in response they adopted a competitive strategy that includes reducing their operational costs and also reduce service prices in the hope of increasing their hotels occupancy (Novotel: p.23). Being more innovative in this way also requires being open to ideas from previously untapped sources inside and outside of the company, and designing a firm that responds quickly and flexibly to the ideas that represent opportunities for potential revenue growth (Blumentritt, 2004). 3.1 Key triggers of change Reason which can trigger change can be listed as internal Triggers (i.e. New staff, Conflict, Sales /profit drops, De-motivation, Skills gap, Loss of key staff) and External Triggers (i.e. Economy, Supply, Government policies, Competitors, Funders, Customers, Shareholders, Media, Public and technology ) These triggers for change can be are analyzed using various managerial tools which are available in order to gain an essential understanding of the environment, both external and internal: A PESTEL analysis: this tool has five dimensions which are political, economic, social, technological, environmental, legal. It is used to pick up factors in the local or micro, and national or macro contexts that managers need to take account of. Another tool is, STAKEHOLDER analysis this is a cultural or values audit that provides an understanding of some of the people factors over and beyond a resource audit. A Third tools, SWOT analysis this is a simple approach which measures strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats. It provides a structure in which to lay out the need and the readiness of the organization for change. As previously mentioned, a change in competitive strategy is likely if the firm faces loss of customers, lack of pricing power or shrinking profit margins like in the case of Novotel (Novotel : p.12). Beckhard and Dyer (1983) point out that another important change trigger is simply strategic choice on the part of existing management team. Some ways this may occur through strategic planning, interaction with customers, competitors, etc., and gut instinct that a new market or product is worth pursuing. This type of trigger is much more generative and proactive than reacting to the environment or working to maintain alignment. Regardless of which of these many triggers initiate the change process, there are several key activities that can facilitate a successful change implementation (see appendix 4). Furthermore, I have put together a way to successful implement change from managers perspective in section 3.3. 3.2 Sources of resistance to change Initially after the change has been effected, there is resistance to change, these resistances can be grouped in different categories such as, Individual (i.e. fear of failure, ignorance, status loss, inertia, role loss) or Team (social loafing, pairing, lack of openness), can be organisational, (board members/top management, culture, structure, huge costs, limited resources, contracts or beliefs) or External factors such as (investors, suppliers, regulators, media, politics or collaborators.) As Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) emphasized, despite the risk of resistant behaviours have been acknowledged by many experienced managers, very few of them tend to take time to systematically analyze situations in terms of determining potential individuals who may resist change with different reasons. Firstly, one of the most obvious reasons for people to resist change initiatives has been the feeling that new circumstances will damage staff self interest. Also, , Employees can face increased levels of anxiety or fear from changes or proposed changes in the work environment. The term self interest entails a political meaning which refers to power relations with in the organization. In other words, new ideas about the way employees work usually impacts relations between different individual groups. Salaman (2000) argues that organisational employees actively strive to avoid and divert control; they seek to maximise their own interests which they may or may not see as coincident with the organisations, and they attempt to resist the domination of others while advancing or defending their own area of control and autonomy (Salaman, 2000, p.123). This means that, staff can resist change to maintain their social status in the organization Resistance can become overt i.e. in industrial a ction, including working to rule and strikes (Coram, R, and Burnes, B. 2001). Secondly, the aim of change efforts has been to create a new pattern of working which employees are expected to adopt themselves. From this point of view it is argued that employees do not resist to the idea of change but to its potential outcomes (Dent Galloway-Goldberg, 1999). As shown in the Novotel case study, the re-structuring made the reorganizing of personnel and management structure, roles were re-definite so is the reward systems and payment (Novotel: p14). Third, almost all prescriptions for a successful change implementation emphasize the necessity to make individuals understand meaning of change. Daft (2000), states that employees may tend to resist change when they are not informed about needs, purposes and outcomes of it. This is also vivid in the Novotel change programmes, a testimony from a receptionist in France, described that they didnt understand what the project was all about (Novotel : p.21) In addition to inadequate knowledge about change, if employees are suspicious about real intentions of change initiators, there is a high possibility of resistance. Fourth, change plans aim to move an organization from their existing position to ideal one and as Stapley (1996) states this transition period is kind of a journey that contains a lot of uncertainties. Curtis and White (2002) define uncertainty as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢lack of information about future events (Curtis White, 2002, p.17). When people lose their personal control, it becomes difficult to make rational decisions which would produce desirable outcomes. As a result, individual who experiences loss of control is likely to resist change because of apprehension brought by uncertainties about change (Novotel : p. 18) . Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) argue that difference in information that groups work often leads to differences in analyses, which in turn can lead to resistance (p.108). Fig 2. Framework for Managing Change 3.3. Managers Role: Overcoming Challenges In order to overcome change, managers face challenges when implementing strategies. The key element in implementing change or change management process is communication. Having effecting communication approach towards employees. Furthermore, employees attitude, perception of managers actions, employees motivation and continuous improvement of the working environment can be other elements a manager responsible for change should take. Below is the list of common challenges posed for managers tasked with implementing change management and they can mitigate any resistance:- Employees Communications: During the change process, take time to interact with employees as not all employees are outspoken or bound to hold their views to themselves and this could result in underground resistance to change. When this happens it could result in delays and will hinder understanding of staffs unfulfilled needs and expectations. This is on Lewins unfreezing stage (Levasser, 2001). Employees Co-operations and Collaborations: Managers in hotel industry ought to understand that different individuals do not the same views or opinions about change, most people tend to be worried about change. In other words, Managers needs to promote cooperation with staff before and during change process. Employees Motivation: This is critical especially during the change implementation stage, Manager ought to make sure that employees are stay motivated and be ready to listen to staffs opinions, and also take time to explain what is happening, this will help staffs morale. Employees Attitude: according to Levasseur (2001), this is also a focus during implementation stage (Lewins stage), a Manager should try his/her best to understand employees attitude. In addition, Conners (1998) lists stability, immobilisation and denial are factors in human cycle of negative response in hospitality, Manager as a leading person should be bare these 3 factors in mind. 4. Conclusion: In summary, resistance to change blocks the end results change was meant to produce, that means innovation is undermined, and whatever change is generated will be a reaction a reaction to the circumstances and part of the process by which those circumstances persist. On the other hand, responding or choosing to pursue change, promotes innovation and will do so naturally and consistently as a function of what is observe to be possible. Change based on this second view is likely to be an improvement on what already exists. It is also important to know how beneficial the change to be enacted is important to the organization and its staff. With high demand of staff in hospitality industry, it is good for leading managers in change management process to pay attention to the attitudes, motivation, cooperation and be receptive to views raised by staff as this will motivate employees and also it will create a conducive environment for and encourage staff. When staff are encouraged, they will be willing to accept change and sustain hotels competitiveness. To successfully meet and overcome change, Novotels Presidents need to have specific attitudes and skills for envisioning; anticipating and once they know the impending change, and planning for that inevitable change. And having known the impending change they need to know how to effectively communicate that change to co-workers, clients and external collaborators and future prospects to stay in charge of the competition. While change may not come easily, hotel operators can be sure that it will indeed come. 5. Recommendations Plan for Change: Because there are multiple countries which change is happening, Huy and Mintzberg (2003) highlights that, the realization that effective organizational change often emerges inadvertently or develops in a more orderly fashion. For the organisational change to succeed, all types of change should be considered (Huy, Q. and Mintzberg, H.2003:79). This means, there at Novotel needs to organise and formulate change management strategy that can look into inducing change from one country to another rather than focusing on their hotels but they should consider different customs in different countries. Eliminating this concern can reduce stresses caused by what is regarded as an unwanted interaction. Change Resistance Management: Change resistance is effectively reduced by decreasing resisting forces rather than increasing driving force. This driving force is the fear of punishment and forcing people to accept change can result in increased resistance. Success will only come by removing the resisting force. For further recommendation on strategies to decrease resistance. (see appendix 5) Keep Staff Updated: though out the change process, make sure to update staff and make it clear to them on what they should expect, also make sure the pass information is on as early as possible even if it is bad news. These updates and information reduces anxiety which is caused by uncertainty. According to Mullins (2005) he makes an emphasis that knowledge removes fear from an individual and gives them confidence to join the course of change. Communicate after change: this refers to the Lewins refreezing stage in Levasseur (2001) book. Manager as a leading person should continue to communicate with staff, about the change which is being implemented,. Through communication, Manager can discover to what extent change has had an impact to staff and take necessary steps to support them.

Essay --

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Akhil Lohchab Growing up in the late 90’s, I witnessed computers revolutionize India – we had cellphones and personal computers and the internet transforming our lives - and like most other kids, I was fascinated by them. It wasn’t until I took course on QBasic in 8th grade, however, that I really took a liking to computer programming. The idea of computer ‘languages’ seemed almost magical to me. Over the years, that proclivity for programming grew into a passion and led me to take more programming electives in higher grades. I also took the initiative to set up a student-run Computer Club in my high school and host our first annual Computer Symposium. My upbringing in Delhi also made me aware of the gaping inequalities of wealth distribution in our society and as my interest in Computer Science deepened, it only reinforced my belief that lean-technologies can help governments of developing countries in bringing their policies to the altar of execution more effici ently. It is that passion which has grown over the years into a single-minded pursuit of Computer Science as a serious academic career, and led me to pursue a B.Tech in Information Technology at Delhi Technological University (DTU; formerly Delhi College of Engineering), one of the premier institutions in the country. I aspire to attain a doctorate in the areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP). I believe Berkeley’s MS in Computer Science will help me expand both the breadth and depth of my knowledge in these areas and allow me to identify a specialization for a subsequent doctoral degree. My undergraduate degree at DTU has laid the groundwork for me through a well-designed curriculum that has helped me develop... ...Documents’ particularly interesting. I would also relish the opportunity to contribute to the AI research project on ‘Child Question Answering Software’. Berkeley offers me the unique proposition of not only being able to gain expertise and depth of knowledge in my fields of interest, but the chance to interact with a highly motivated and talented cohort of students that would help me grow as an individual. Pursuant to my doctoral research, I envision myself as an academic preferably teaching in the field of natural language processing. A MS in Computer Science from Berkeley will equip me with the proficiency and gravitas required to embark on my journey to become a Professor. I believe that my undergraduate research work makes me uniquely poised to pursue a graduate program and I am confident that I can be a valuable addition to the graduate community at Berkeley.

The Employment Policy in the UAE: Emiratization or a Quota System Essay

Emiratization is the prevalent topic currently in the UAE’s economic forums and even the everyday life of the Emiratis. The UAE symbolizes an example of how the rapid economic expansion is affecting the natives alongside the economic structure and evidently the fiscal policies. These changes are noticeably manifested in the UAE’s dramatic increase of expatriates inflowing to work in its lucrative market. Conversely, the rapid growth of the UAE’s expatriates ended up reducing the Emiratis to being a minority ethnic group in their own land – a Middle Eastern version of the Red Indians, as some might argue. Subsequently, this has resulted in a radical approach to solve this rising problem through a policy of localization to empower the Emiratis in the emerging combative market and especially the expatriates dominated private sector. This essay will reveal the origins of the current economic situation of the UAE and attempt to validate that Emiratization polic y is becoming solely a quota system not an effective solution. In 1968, Britain announced that it was withdrawing from the region. The seven emirates then had a total population of 180,000, scattered over 90, 6000 square kilometers of desert and mountain (Fairservice, 2001). Historically, the seven emirates were autonomous sheikhdoms until they were united as the UAE in 1971 (Gallant, 2008). UAE is one of the dynamic trading hubs in the Persian Gulf. However, the economic development since the discovery of oil in 1966 has been remarkable. Before the oil boom, people in UAE survived through fishing, pearling and limited trading. The growth that this transformation brought has enabled the swift progress, which assisted a large non-oil economy. Industrialization and tourism are gr... ...ng This article is about the UAE’s policy of Emiratization and wither it is a mere quota system or the effective solution for the unemployment growing rate. I will present some the article arguments and I will discuss them further in the essay. Terterov, M. (2006). Doing business with the United Arab Emirates. GMB Publishing Ltd. This book represents an official guide for businessmen on how to do business in the UAE. I will use this book to present the official views on localization policy. Wright, S. M., & Anoushiravan, E. (2008). Reform in the Middle East oil monarchies. Ithaca Press. This book address many important questions such as should the West be seeking to encourage national indigenous evolution rather than working to impose Western systems? I will represent this book view on the Emiratization policy and its impact on the economic growth of the UAE.

The Bubonic Plague :: essays research papers

The Bubonic Plague is one of the most deadly diseases of all time as well as one of the most famous. Although it is not common these days to see it, it was widespread during the medieval times where millions had died. It was so widespread, it was said that there was not enough living to bury the dead. Rodents ran the unsanitary streets that carried the fleas that had the disease. This is how the Bubonic Plague was spread. It was believed at the time by the people that the gods were punishing them for things they had done wrong in the past. The Bubonic Plague is transmitted either though an infected rodent (rats, rabbits, etc.) carrying bugs (fleas). A person will become ill two to six days after being infected with the Bubonic Plague. It was first thought that the rats themselves transmitted the Bubonic Plague because when people found dead rats in the towns' streets, they would usually flee their civilization in fear of the rodents. But in 1898, Simond observed that people would only get the disease if you came in contact with a rodent or rat that was dead for a short amout of time. Simond also discovered that if you were in contact with one that had been dead for more than twenty-four hours, the chance of catching the Bubonic Plague would be quite minimal. It is called the Bubonic Plague because once you have the disease, it will, in most cases, cause lymph glands to swell up and become very tender with pain. These swollen glands are called "buboes". If the Bubonic Plague is left untreated, the bacteria will enter the blood stream and travel to other places inside the body like organs such as lungs, liver, and the spleen. If it does enter the lungs, it can cause a pneumonic form of the Bubonic Plague. The symptoms for this are high fever, chils, cough, and breathing difficulty. They may even spit up blood, depending upon how severe the infection is. Like I said earlier, the Bubonic Plague is not very common these days, but that is because we live in the United States where our sanitary level is fairly high. But in Africa, Asia, and South America, several people die from it every year. In fact, there is reported that world wide tehre are one thousand to three thousand cases of the Bubonic Plague each year. In the United States, the Bubonic Plague is only

Analyse the role of human activity in plant succession

There are many factors that can affect a climax vegetation. These include climate, hydrology and soil type. Human activity also plays a major role. If succession is modified or interrupted by a human influence then a plagioclimax is reached. Human activities include grazing, burning and deforestation and these processes can be collectively known as arresting factors. A plant succession begins on bare ground with light-seeded grasses, legumes and flowering plants. Over time small trees, brush and briar thickets shade out the sun loving grasses. Ultimately, light-seeded trees shade out the brush and make conditions favourable for shade loving mast producers like oaks. Deforestation involves the cutting down, burning and damaging of forests. If the current rate of deforestation continues then the world's rainforests will disappear completely within 100 years – causing unknown effects on global climate and eliminating a majority of plant and animal species currently alive on the planet. The reasons for deforestation are complex. It is mainly carried out for agricultural reasons, e.g. grazing cattle and planting crops. Poor farmers may chop down a small area (usually a few acres) and burn the trunks in a process known as ‘slash and burn' agriculture. Cattle pastures often replace the rainforests in order to grow beef for the world market. Another type of deforestation is known as commercial logging. This is the cutting down of trees in order to sell off as timber and pulp. This process uses heavy machinery, such as bulldozers and road graders etc to remove trees and this is detrimental to the forest and plant successions overall. Competitive global marketing drives the need for money in economically challenged tropical countries. At national level, governments sell logging concessions to raise money for projects or to pay international debt. For example, Brazil had an international debt of $159 billion in 1995 on which it must make payments each year. Logging companies seek to harvest forest and make profits from sales of pulp and valuable hardwoods e.g. mahogany. This raises the money required in order to pay back some debts. A case study of an area where deforestation has affected succession is in the Philippines. For the past 50 years the Philippines has lost 2.4 acres of hardwood forest every minute leaving only 21% of forest cover. This has been due to increasing agriculture and illegal logging. Reports of deforestation-related declines in rainfall totals and disruption of rainfall regimes have also been reported for parts of the Philippines (Alfonso, pers. comm., 1988). During the 1960s there was considerable deforestation on Mount Apo, for instance, due to the establishment of coffee plantations; and the apparent result is increasing drought. The short-term gain of deforestation, i.e. the profit to be made, is all well and good but there have been a large number of adverse effects brought about by the removal of large areas of forest. The main effects are increased soil erosion (which leads to increased flooding in most areas), reduction in biodiversity, the Greenhouse Effect, reduced fertility of land in deforested areas and disruption of the hydrological cycle. Major roads are being built through the forest to provide easier access to the underground resources like iron and aluminium ores: more trees need to be removed to mine these commodities. Inhabitants of shanty towns around Major cities in Brazil are being encouraged to move to rural areas and more land has to be cleared to accommodate these people. In third world countries forests are cut down and used to provide firewood, since this is practically the only source of fuel available to people living there. There are also a large number of new markets opening which are set to increase the demand for products, which have their origin in the tropical rainforests. These include body creams, bath oils, sweets, fruits and nuts, but as these products come into greater demand the future of the forest will be more secure because to produce a large yield of these products a large number of trees need to be grown. About 16-20 million hectares of tropical rainforests are removed each year. When trees are removed no water gets transpired back into the atmosphere from the soil. Because of this there is reduced rainfall and surrounding areas of forest are threatened with dessication and faster soil erosion because the soil is no longer held together by moisture. Another recently discovered side effect of deforestation is that it may actually help to spread diseases like malaria and river blindness. Anopheles darlingi, a mosquito that effectively spreads malaria parasites, breeds in pools of water created in deforested land, open cast mines, and on eroded land after trees have been removed. Deforestation has favoured a population explosion for this species and up to a quarter of the people living along the Transamazon highway in Brazil are affected by malaria each year. However damaging to plant succession human activities can be, the effects provide excellent conditions in which for a secondary succession to take place. A secondary succession differs from a primary succession in that it occurs in an area where a community of plants and animals has recently been wiped out, i.e. the land is already suitable for a wide diversity of species to establish themselves on. A secondary succession can happen on an area of land where a forest fire or parasite wiped out a previous climax community or which has been disturbed in some way by humans e.g. deforestation or arable farming. A secondary succession takes place much more quickly than a primary succession for two main reasons, the most obvious one being that a suitable medium already exists for the new organisms to grow in, and the other being that some seeds or spores from the last plant community can still be present in the soil after the community is destroyed. This is a positive aspect as new plant species can grow and thrive. As well as big processes such as deforestation, humans can contribute to vegetation in smaller ways. There are now varied types of species in Britain due to human interferences, modification and management. Without interference vegetation would be typically temperate forest. Today, in Britain, there are no natural woodlands at all, only semi woodlands, and there is only 2% of that. In Spain the figure for natural woodland is 28% and Sweden has a 64% woodland covering. Other interferences have caused the introduction of foreign plants such as the rhododendron or sycamores. The rhododendron was in fact imported from Japan. Other introductions to this country include the rabbit, which was imported from Spain by the Normans. Urbanisation also causes damage to plant life. High demand for housing has caused the destruction of forest and woodland, especially in the north. A rising birth rate in the twentieth century called for an increase in housing, and this needed to be conducted as cheaply and effectively as possible. As a result, miles of forests were cut down in order for building to go ahead. This s detrimental to our health as well as destroying areas of natural beauty. . Recent investigations suggest that over a third of the world's oxygen supply is produced by the rainforests, the only larger source being algae in the sea. So cutting down trees is very damaging to our well being.

Greatest Speeches of All Time †Franklin Roosevelt’s Speech Essay

In his first paragraph, Roosevelt states that he is veritable that his uncivilisedow Americans expect he testament address them with honesty and a termi terra firma which the pot allow for push for state of ward. He alike states that this is the distinguished clipping to address the truth. That Americans should not shrink from honestly go about conditions in their country today. America testament endure as it has endured and will raise and flourish. So first of all, he will support his firm belief that the hardly thing they aim to affright is fear itself- unjustified terror which stops mandatory efforts to transform retreat into advance.He makes a point about how values apply shrunken dramatically as taxes control risen, ability to pay has fallen, the government is face by diminishment of income, exchange means be frozen in trade, the industrial endeavour is falling (withitherd leaves), uttermostmers cannot sell let out, nest egg of families are gone and thit her are going to be more fired citizens. He speaks about how America doesnt have the problems they once had with freeing of produce and how our forefathers conquered and that Americans should appreciate it.He says that the country has many resources and shouldnt prodigality them, like leaders have ineffectual resources before, whether it was because they stub natural or just knit stitch dumb, they have passed on these habits to their early rulers. He acknow directges that they have tried, besides their efforts were in vain. They have only ever proposed the lending of money. muckle before him have not had the preference to lure sight to bond him by using money promises they resorted to persuading the people by dint of pleading tearfully for restored confidence.These people had no vision and only knew the rules of a genesis of self-seekers, and with this vision people perish. He acknowledges that loving values are more main(prenominal) than money values and that is wher e the restoration should begin. He to a fault acknowledges that money doesnt capture you happiness precisely the joy of effect does. He to a fault acknowledges that the joy and object lesson side of work no agelong need to be forgotten in the chase of diminishing profits.He also states that recognition of material wealth being the standard of success being a sour idea going dig in hand with the abandonment of the false belief that public office and governmental position are to be cherished only by the standards of pride of bureau and personal profit, also that there essential be an end to the misemploy doing to the citizens who trust in banking and in business. If the nation is to be restored both ethics mustiness(prenominal) be changed and action must be taken.He recognises action needs to be taken so that more people are in the workforce and are able to get into the workforce. He states that we must recognise that most of the population lives in the city and that t he land should be vex to better use. This can be achieved by raising the value of agricultural products and with this causality to purchase the output of cities. It can be helped by pr even upting the tragedy of the growing loss of small infrastructures and farms. It also helped by pressure sensation that the federal, state and local governments act on demand to have their costs reduced.If field of study planning for charge of all forms of window pane and communication were in place it would also help. He states that it cannot merely be helped by talking about it and actions must be put in place quickly. He states that to return to the safeguard of work there must be strict supervision of all banking and credits and investment, there must be end to speculation with early(a) peoples money and there must be provision for an passable but sound currency. He goes on to explain how he will deal his duties in a fulfilling way.The event the computer address addresses The event t he reference addresses was Inauguration solar day, 1933. This pronounced the commencement of a four twelvemonth term. On this day there was a swearing in ceremony which consisted of Roosevelt victorious an oath of office and delivering a speech. This speech outlined that Roosevelt understood that the American composing had proved itself as an enduring mod political mechanism and how Roosevelt planned to rest period the effects of the not bad(p) Depression. Profile of Franklin RooseveltFranklin Delano Roosevelt was born in 1882 at Hyde car park, New York. Hyde Park (New York) is most famous for being the hometown of Roosevelt and his grandfathers home is located near the Riverview Circle of the Hudson River. He was born as the only nestling of James Roosevelt and Sara Ann Delano Roosevelt. He was born into a family of riches and the sense of self importance. He was educated by tutors and governesses and his upbringing was far different from the common people.In 1896 he atte nd Groton school for boys where he give it hard to fit in as most of the boys excelled at athletics temporary hookup he did not. After graduating in 1900, Roosevelt attended Harvard University and Columbia Law School but in 1907 he passed the bar scrutiny yet didnt receive a degree. In 1905, on St. Patricks Day he married Eleanor Roosevelt, his fifth cousin, niece of Theodore Roosevelt, also his fifth cousin. Theodore Roosevelt was Franklin Roosevelts idol and Roosevelt aimed to follow in his footsteps.Theodore Roosevelt became commander-in-chief in 1901 after William McKinley was kill and death chair in 1904 after win second term. Roosevelt won a tush in the New York senate in 1901. He was stricken with Polio in 1921, but not many people knew incisively how paralysed he was as he was neer seen in a wheelchair. He fought to find oneself the use of his legs though hydrotherapy. Franklin Roosevelt was the only president to be elected four times. Roosevelt had accommodate the 32nd President of the United States in 1933.In 1935 many members of the public were against Roosevelts New fare program even though the Nation had received many measure of recovery as discipline product went up and unemployment went down. The New Deal program was a series of national programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936. Roosevelt was re-elected in 1936 by a huge margin. Roosevelt had pledge the United States to the good neighbour policy, when France fell and England came under siege in 1940, he began to send Great Britain all affirmable aid short of actual force machine involvement.Hopes of keeping America out of the war ended on December 7, 1941 when lacquer attacked Pearl Harbour. Roosevelt helped in the area of advising military personnel and did this successfully in 1942 in an infringement on South Africa, in 1943 in both Italy and Sicily and followed by the D-Day invasion in Europe in 1944. During this time Roosevelt also promoted the formatio n of the United Nations (UN). in any case in 1944 Roosevelt had been tested and diagnosed with many problems but despite this he ran for president with his trial mate Harry S.Truman who he nominate as his senator and won 36 of 48 states, yet again becoming president. In February, 1945, Roosevelt attended the Yalta Conference which was held to discuss after-war shakeup with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin. Roosevelt died on the afternoon of April 12th in 1945, as the terra firma War II came to a about from a cerebral haemorrhage. His passing shock America even though people knew he looked exhausted in photographs and intelligence operation reels, no one was prepared for his passing. diachronic Analysis Roosevelts presidency had eer changed the United States and the way it was run. He led a country through the Great Depression, as well as the superlative war in human history, and his accessible programs during the Great Dep ression have redefined the component of government in Americans lives. He established the United States leadership on the homo stage through his role in World War II. The 12 old age he spent in the sportsmanlike House had redefined liberalism and set a precedent for the expansion of presidential power for future generations.